We often get asked to provide virtual 3D models before partial nephrectomies. We provide these models in a very handy 3D PDF format which can easily be opened and manipulated on any computer which has adobe acrobat reader.
For this complex case of an endophytic reninoma however, the surgeon requested a 3D printed model to evaluate the geometries even more readily.
We provided a multicolor and multimaterial model in which the tumor consisted of silicone.